Health care includes the prevention, treatment, and cure of physical and mental health issues that may affect human beings. Legal issues related health care may arise—including issues related to (1) the provision of health care services; (2) the payment for health care services—by individuals or by insurance; (3) the privacy of medical and health care records; and (4) the right to make health care decisions for ourselves and others.

In Utah, health care regulation encompasses various aspects including service provision, payment, privacy, and decision-making rights. Health care providers must adhere to state licensing requirements and follow standards for patient care. Payment for health care services can involve private insurance, Medicaid, or direct payments by individuals. Utah's Medicaid program is regulated by both state and federal laws, and insurance providers are overseen by the Utah Insurance Department. Regarding privacy, the Utah Health Information Network (UHIN) helps ensure that health information is exchanged securely, complementing federal HIPAA regulations that protect patient health information. Lastly, Utah residents have the right to make health care decisions for themselves, which includes the use of advance health care directives. These directives allow individuals to outline their preferences for treatment in the event they are unable to communicate their decisions. Additionally, Utah law permits the appointment of a health care agent to make decisions on behalf of an incapacitated individual.