There are various criminal charges for operating a motorized, electric, or otherwise-powered transportation device on public roadways or waterways while under the influence of or intoxicated by drugs or alcohol, as defined by state law. DUI, DWI, OUI, OWI, and BUI—driving under the influence, driving while intoxicated, operating under the influence, operating while intoxicated, and boating under the influence—are some of the common names for such impaired-driving or impaired-operating criminal offenses.

Laws regarding the definitions and names of such alcohol and drug-related driving offenses vary from state to state and are usually located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal code or criminal code.

In Kansas, the primary statute governing the operation of vehicles under the influence of alcohol or drugs is referred to as 'Driving Under the Influence' (DUI). Kansas law prohibits operating or attempting to operate any vehicle within the state while having a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08 or higher, or while under the influence of alcohol or drugs to a degree that renders the person incapable of safely driving. This applies to all motorized vehicles, including cars, trucks, motorcycles, and also extends to boating under the influence (BUI). The state's DUI laws are codified in the Kansas Statutes Annotated (K.S.A.), specifically in Chapter 8, Article 10, which covers 'Vehicles; Driving Under Influence of Alcohol or Drugs; Related Provisions.' Penalties for DUI in Kansas can include fines, imprisonment, license suspension, and mandatory participation in an alcohol and drug safety action education program or treatment program. The severity of the penalties typically increases with subsequent offenses.