Probate courts are usually trial courts with the authority to hear only matters relating to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. Courts dedicated to these matters are usually located in populous counties and are said to have exclusive jurisdiction (authority) over such matters within the county.
In Vermont, probate courts are specialized courts that handle matters related to the administration of estates, the probate of wills, and the appointment of guardians and conservators for minors and incapacitated adults. These courts are responsible for ensuring that a deceased person's assets are distributed according to their will, or according to state law if there is no will. Vermont's probate courts also have jurisdiction over the establishment and oversight of guardianships and conservatorships. Each of Vermont's 14 counties has its own probate court, and these courts have exclusive jurisdiction within their respective counties for the matters they handle. This means that all issues concerning wills, estates, and related matters within a county must be brought before the probate court of that county.