Probate courts are usually trial courts with the authority to hear only matters relating to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. Courts dedicated to these matters are usually located in populous counties and are said to have exclusive jurisdiction (authority) over such matters within the county.
In Oregon, probate courts are not separate entities but are a specialized division within the circuit courts that handle matters related to wills, estates, probate, guardianships, and conservatorships. These matters are typically heard by a probate judge within the circuit court system. Oregon's circuit courts have exclusive jurisdiction over probate matters, meaning they are the only courts that can make legal decisions regarding the distribution of a deceased person's estate, the validity of a will, and the appointment of guardians or conservators for minors or incapacitated adults. While all counties in Oregon have circuit courts that can handle probate matters, more populous counties may have judges who specialize in probate cases due to the higher volume of such cases.