The American legal system is based on the principle that an independent, fair, and competent judiciary (judges) will interpret and apply the laws that govern us. The role of the judiciary is central to American concepts of justice and the rule of law.

Each state, and the federal court system, has a code of judicial conduct that requires judges to respect and honor the judicial office and strive to enhance and maintain confidence in our legal system by maintaining integrity and independence, and avoiding even the appearance of impropriety. The judge determines or finds facts and laws for the resolution of disputes, and is a highly visible symbol of government under the rule of law. A code of judicial conduct is not intended as an exhaustive guide for the conduct of judges—they should also be governed in their judicial and personal conduct by general ethical standards. But such a code is intended to state basic standards that should govern the conduct of all judges, and to provide guidance to judges in establishing and maintaining high standards of judicial and personal conduct.

Each state and the federal court system has people and processes who handle complaints against judges and determine what if any disciplinary action is appropriate.

In Oregon, as in other states, the judiciary is expected to operate with independence, fairness, and competence, adhering to the principles of justice and the rule of law. Oregon has a Code of Judicial Conduct that outlines the ethical obligations and standards for judges, emphasizing the importance of integrity, independence, and the avoidance of impropriety or its appearance. The code serves as a guide for judges to maintain high standards in both their judicial and personal conduct, though it is not exhaustive and judges are also expected to adhere to general ethical standards. The Oregon Supreme Court has established the Commission on Judicial Fitness and Disability to investigate complaints against judges and recommend appropriate disciplinary actions if necessary. This commission ensures that judges are held accountable for their conduct, thereby maintaining public confidence in the legal system.