Evidence is anything that tends to prove or disprove a material or relevant fact alleged in a lawsuit or other legal proceeding. Witness testimony, documents, contracts, email messages, photographs, medical bills, video images, and voice recordings are common pieces of evidence.
In Minnesota, evidence is regulated by both state statutes and the Minnesota Rules of Evidence. These rules determine what is considered admissible evidence in court. Evidence must be relevant to the facts of the case, meaning it should have any tendency to make a fact more or less probable than it would be without the evidence. Common forms of evidence include witness testimony, documents, contracts, email messages, photographs, medical bills, video images, and voice recordings. The admissibility of such evidence is subject to various rules regarding authenticity, reliability, and the absence of hearsay, unless an exception applies. Additionally, evidence must not be overly prejudicial, confusing, or a waste of time. The Minnesota Rules of Evidence are designed to ensure that the evidence presented in court is fair and contributes to the fact-finding process.