Imports are any resources, goods, or services that producers in one country sell to buyers in another country. Exports are any resources, intermediate goods, or final goods or services that a buyer in one country purchases from a seller in another country. In most cases you will not need a license to import goods into the U.S. But, for certain goods being imported, some agencies may require a license, permit, or other certification. Most items exported to a foreign buyer will not require an export license. But all items are subject to export control laws and regulations. The best way to find out if an item requires an export license is by checking which agency has jurisdiction over or regulates the item you are trying to export.

In Texas, as in the rest of the United States, imports generally do not require a license unless they fall under specific categories that are regulated by government agencies. For example, the importation of certain foods, animals, plants, medications, and other goods may require permits or licenses from agencies like the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). When it comes to exports, while many items can be sent to foreign buyers without a license, there are controls in place to regulate the export of certain goods, services, and technologies, especially those that could have military applications or impact national security. These controls are governed by various laws and regulations, including the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Exporters must determine if their items require a license, which can be done by checking with the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) for items subject to EAR or the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) for items covered by ITAR. Compliance with these regulations is crucial to avoid penalties and legal issues.