The determination and pronouncement of when a person has died has medical, ethical, and legal implications. Laws vary from state to state, and death is usually defined in a state’s statutes.

Definitions and terminology may vary from state to state but generally a person is dead when, according to ordinary standards of medical practice, there is irreversible cessation of the person's spontaneous respiratory and circulatory functions. If artificial means of support preclude a determination that a person's spontaneous respiratory and circulatory functions have ceased, the person is dead when, in the announced opinion of a physician, according to ordinary standards of medical practice, there is irreversible cessation of all spontaneous brain function.

Death occurs when the relevant functions cease. But a formal pronouncement of death is not a legal determination of the cause, manner, or time of death.

In Indiana, the determination of death is governed by state statutes which align with the medical and ethical standards commonly accepted. Indiana Code § 1-1-4-3(1) defines death as the irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, or, in cases where artificial life support is used, the irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem. A licensed physician must make the pronouncement of death based on these criteria. It is important to note that while the pronouncement of death establishes that a person has died, it does not legally establish the cause, manner, or exact time of death. These aspects are typically determined through a death certificate or during a coroner's investigation, depending on the circumstances surrounding the death.