Laws governing the operation of bicycles, motor scooters (electric or gas powered), skateboards, and other modes of transportation on public streets, highways, and roads vary from state to state, and among cities and towns (municipal ordinances).

Some of the important laws governing these alternative modes of transportation include proper roadways and lanes for operation; speed limits; required safety precautions (helmets, etc.); application of traffic laws; license requirements; and the application of laws regarding being under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

In California, bicycles, motor scooters, skateboards, and other similar modes of transportation are subject to specific regulations when operated on public streets, highways, and roads. Bicyclists must ride in the same direction as traffic and are generally required to use bike lanes where available. California Vehicle Code (CVC) 21200 states that bicyclists have the same rights and responsibilities as motor vehicle drivers. Helmets are mandatory for riders under 18 years old. For motor scooters, electric scooters are allowed on certain roadways and must not exceed 15 mph as per CVC 22411. Riders must have a valid driver's license or learner's permit and helmets are required for all riders. Skateboards are not allowed on roads with a speed limit over 25 mph, and local ordinances may further restrict their use. DUI laws apply to all these modes of transportation, and operating any of them under the influence of alcohol or drugs is illegal. Licensing requirements vary; bicycles and skateboards do not require a license, while motor scooters may require a driver's license or a specific type of license depending on their speed and engine size.