A tax is a charge or levy of money made by a governmental entity (state, local, or federal) against a taxpayer—usually a U.S. citizen or a person living or working in the United States. There are many kinds of taxes, including income tax, capital-gains tax, property tax, franchise tax, gift tax, ad valorem tax, sales tax, use tax, inheritance tax, and estate tax.

In New Jersey, as in other states, taxpayers are subject to various types of taxes levied by state and local governments, as well as the federal government. New Jersey imposes a state income tax, with rates that vary depending on the taxpayer's income level. The state also collects a sales tax on the purchase of most goods and some services, with certain items such as clothing and prescription drugs being exempt. Property taxes are locally assessed and are one of the primary sources of revenue for local governments, funding services like public education. New Jersey does not have its own estate or inheritance tax as of January 1, 2018, when the estate tax was repealed; however, it does have an inheritance tax, which varies depending on the relationship of the heir to the decedent. The state does not have a gift tax, but residents are subject to the federal gift tax regulations. Capital gains are taxed as part of income, and New Jersey does not have a separate capital gains tax. Businesses may be subject to franchise taxes based on their business activities within the state. It's important for individuals and businesses to consult with an attorney or tax specialist to understand their specific tax obligations and planning strategies.