A tax is a charge or levy of money made by a governmental entity (state, local, or federal) against a taxpayer—usually a U.S. citizen or a person living or working in the United States. There are many kinds of taxes, including income tax, capital-gains tax, property tax, franchise tax, gift tax, ad valorem tax, sales tax, use tax, inheritance tax, and estate tax.

In Connecticut (CT), various types of taxes are imposed at both the state and local levels. The state levies an income tax on individuals, with rates that vary depending on the taxpayer's income level. Connecticut also imposes a capital gains tax as part of the income tax, taxing the profits from the sale of assets. Property taxes are primarily administered by local municipalities and are based on the assessed value of real and personal property. The state does not have a franchise tax but does require businesses to pay a Business Entity Tax every two years. Connecticut imposes a sales tax on the sale of most goods and some services, as well as a use tax on goods purchased out of state but used within Connecticut. While there is no gift tax, Connecticut does have an estate tax, which applies to the transfer of an estate's assets after death. The state does not have an inheritance tax, which would be levied on the beneficiaries of an estate. It's important to note that federal taxes, including federal income tax, capital gains tax, and estate tax, also apply to Connecticut residents and are separate from state taxes.