An ad valorem tax is a tax that is calculated as a percentage of the value of something—such as tangible (physical) personal property (goods in a warehouse, office furniture, computer and telephone systems, inventory, etc.).
For example, county tax assessors often place a value on a business's tangible personal property and assess an ad valorem tax on the property.
In Vermont, ad valorem taxes are primarily associated with real estate and are based on the assessed value of property. Vermont does not impose a state-level ad valorem tax on tangible personal property for general business assets. Instead, property taxes are typically levied by local municipalities on real property, which includes land and buildings. Each town or city in Vermont has a local assessor who determines the value of real property within its jurisdiction for the purpose of taxation. The assessed value is then used to calculate the property tax owed by the property owner, with rates varying by municipality. It's important for businesses and property owners in Vermont to be aware of their local tax assessment practices and to ensure that their property is assessed fairly. If a business owner disagrees with the assessed value, they may have the right to appeal the assessment with their local assessor or through the state's appeal process.