An ad valorem tax is a tax that is calculated as a percentage of the value of something—such as tangible (physical) personal property (goods in a warehouse, office furniture, computer and telephone systems, inventory, etc.).
For example, county tax assessors often place a value on a business's tangible personal property and assess an ad valorem tax on the property.
In Tennessee, ad valorem taxes, also known as property taxes, are applied to both real property (land and buildings) and tangible personal property (physical items like office furniture, computer systems, and inventory associated with a business). The county tax assessors are responsible for appraising the value of a business's tangible personal property annually. The assessed value is typically a percentage of the appraised value, and this assessed value is then used to calculate the taxes owed. The specific percentage used for the assessment and the tax rate can vary by county. Businesses are required to report their tangible personal property to the county assessor's office each year for assessment purposes. The revenue from ad valorem taxes is used to fund local services such as schools, roads, and emergency services.