Gifted Education or Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) or Talented and Gifted (TAG) are school programs designed for students who show high achievement capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and who need services and activities not ordinarily provided by the school to fully develop those capabilities.
These programs, policies, and the funding for them vary from state to state and among schools and school districts. The only federal program for gifted children is the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act, which focuses on identifying and serving students who are traditionally under-represented in gifted and talented programs—such as minority students, students from low-income backgrounds or who are English language learners, and children with disabilities.
The Javits program is designed to help reduce gaps in achievement and to encourage the establishment of equal educational opportunities for all U.S. students. The program funds applied research and the National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented. In fiscal year 2017 the Javits program received $12 million in federal funds.
Visit https://www.nagc.org/gifted-state for more information on gifted programs available in your state, including agency and association contact information.
In Washington State, Gifted Education programs are designed to cater to the needs of students who demonstrate exceptional abilities in various domains. The state mandates the identification and provision of services to highly capable students through the Highly Capable Program (HCP). Washington's Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) oversees the HCP and provides guidelines for districts to follow, which include procedures for referral, assessment, selection, and service delivery. School districts in Washington are required to have a plan for the identification of highly capable students and must offer services to those students, which can include accelerated learning, advanced placement classes, and specialized instruction. The state allocates funding to school districts for the HCP based on a formula that considers the district's total enrollment. The federal Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act complements state efforts by focusing on under-represented groups in gifted education, although it does not provide direct services. Instead, it supports research and initiatives aimed at closing the achievement gap and promoting equal educational opportunities for all students, including those who are gifted and talented.