Gifted Education or Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) or Talented and Gifted (TAG) are school programs designed for students who show high achievement capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and who need services and activities not ordinarily provided by the school to fully develop those capabilities.
These programs, policies, and the funding for them vary from state to state and among schools and school districts. The only federal program for gifted children is the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act, which focuses on identifying and serving students who are traditionally under-represented in gifted and talented programs—such as minority students, students from low-income backgrounds or who are English language learners, and children with disabilities.
The Javits program is designed to help reduce gaps in achievement and to encourage the establishment of equal educational opportunities for all U.S. students. The program funds applied research and the National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented. In fiscal year 2017 the Javits program received $12 million in federal funds.
Visit https://www.nagc.org/gifted-state for more information on gifted programs available in your state, including agency and association contact information.
In Pennsylvania (PA), gifted education is governed by Chapter 16 of the state education statutes, which mandates that school districts identify students who are 'mentally gifted' and provide them with appropriate educational programs. A 'mentally gifted' student is defined as having outstanding intellectual and creative ability that requires specially designed programs or support services not ordinarily provided in the regular education program. School districts are required to conduct screenings and evaluations to identify gifted students and to develop a Gifted Individualized Education Plan (GIEP) for each identified student. The GIEP outlines the educational goals for the student and the services to be provided. Funding for gifted education in PA comes from state and local sources, as the federal Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act primarily supports research and initiatives to serve under-represented groups in gifted education rather than direct funding to individual states for gifted programs. For more detailed information on gifted education resources in Pennsylvania, individuals can visit the National Association for Gifted Children's website.