School policies and state laws regarding fights or threats of violence on school grounds vary from state to state; from school district to school district; and between public schools, private schools, and charter schools.

School discipline and punishment laws are generally located in a state’s statutes (often in the Education Code) and further defined in a specific school’s policies and procedures. Federal laws may also apply in particular school discipline contexts. And state and federal criminal laws may apply to certain student conduct that occurs on school property or at school-sponsored events.

In Iowa, the handling of fights or threats of violence on school grounds is governed by a combination of state statutes, local school district policies, and federal laws. The Iowa Code, particularly within the Education Code, outlines the general legal framework for school discipline and punishment. Each school district in Iowa may have its own specific policies and procedures that further detail the consequences and processes for addressing such incidents. These local policies must comply with state law but can vary in their specifics. Federal laws, such as those ensuring a student's right to an education free from discrimination and those addressing the rights of students with disabilities, may also influence how schools manage discipline. Additionally, certain behaviors may fall under state and federal criminal laws, which can lead to involvement by law enforcement and the possibility of juvenile or criminal charges. It is important for students, parents, and educators to be familiar with the specific policies of their local school district as well as applicable state and federal laws.