A warranty deed is a deed that transfers ownership of real property—and guarantees certain characteristics of the title (ownership) being transferred. Under a warranty deed the seller guarantees or warrants that the title to the property (ownership) is good, clear, and free from encumbrances, liens, mortgages, and other claims. These guarantees of good and clear title are also known as covenants.

A warranty deed—also known as a general warranty deed or a full covenant and warranty deed—provides the greatest amount of protection to a purchaser of property and is often used when a buyer is trying to get financing for the purchase of a property.

Because a warranty deed places responsibility on the seller for ensuring title to the property is clear of liens, claims, and encumbrances, title insurance is often used to protect against the risk of claims and to facilitate the sale of the property.

When the parties to a sale transaction purchase title insurance the title company or the buyer’s attorney will perform a search of the public records regarding ownership of the property to make sure the purported seller of the property owns the property and that there are no other co-owners of the property, or liens, claims, or encumbrances on the property that might compete with or be made against the buyer after the sale transaction is completed.

In Louisiana (LA), a warranty deed is a legal document used to transfer property ownership with explicit guarantees from the seller to the buyer regarding the title's status. The seller assures the buyer that the title is free from any defects, liens, encumbrances, or other claims, which are known as covenants of warranty. This type of deed offers the highest level of protection to the buyer and is commonly utilized when obtaining financing for property purchases. To mitigate the risks associated with title claims and to smooth the process of the property sale, title insurance is frequently employed. When title insurance is purchased, a title company or the buyer's attorney will conduct a thorough search of public records to confirm the seller's ownership and ensure there are no undisclosed co-owners, liens, or other encumbrances that could affect the buyer's title post-sale. It's important to note that Louisiana's legal system is based on civil law, which differs from the common law systems in other states, and this may influence the specific formalities and terminology used in property transactions within the state.