A title report—also known as a title commitment or binder—is a document that contains the results of a title search and describes the legal status of a piece of real property (estate). A title report usually includes a legal description of the property and information on ownership of the property (the chain of title or ownership history).

A title report also includes a list of any easements, liens, encumbrances, and other information affecting title to the property as of that date—which are known as title defects or defects.

A title report will also include relevant zoning laws, the appraised value of the property, current tax information, and any open or unreleased mortgages.

A person considering buying a piece of property may be able to find this information in the local county records (county tax assessor’s office, courthouse) but most experts recommend a potential buyer enlist the services of a title officer at a title company.

In New York State, a title report is a comprehensive document that outlines the legal status of real property. It includes a detailed legal description of the property, the history of ownership (chain of title), and any claims or rights others may have on the property, such as easements, liens, and encumbrances. These claims are referred to as title defects and can affect the transferability and value of the property. Additionally, the report provides information on zoning laws, the property's appraised value, tax details, and any outstanding mortgages. While individuals can access some of this information through local county records, such as the county tax assessor's office or courthouse, it is generally advised to engage the services of a title officer from a title company. A title officer has the expertise to conduct a thorough title search and compile a title report, which is crucial for potential buyers to understand any risks or legal issues associated with the property before proceeding with a purchase.