A special warranty deed is a deed transferring or conveying ownership of property in which the grantor (seller or transferor) promises (covenants) to defend the title only against other defects, liens, encumbrances, or claims made by the grantor or by someone claiming by or under the grantor.
In other words, a special warranty deed provides a limited warranty of title and does not warrant against claims or defects in the title that existed before the grantor took possession of the property.
In Missouri, a special warranty deed is a legal document used to transfer property ownership with limited guarantees. Unlike a general warranty deed, which provides a full warranty of title, the special warranty deed only assures the buyer that the seller (grantor) has not done anything to encumber the property during their ownership and will defend against claims made by parties claiming through the grantor. This means the grantor is only responsible for title issues that arose during their period of ownership and not for any title defects that existed prior to that. The special warranty deed is often used in commercial property transactions and in situations where the seller wants to limit their liability for potential title issues. It is important for buyers to understand the limited nature of the protection offered by a special warranty deed and to consider obtaining title insurance for additional protection.