A nuisance is a condition or use of property that interferes with adjoining landowners’ (neighbors) use and enjoyment of their properties; or endangers the life, health, enjoyment, or safety of others; or is offensive to others. Loud noises, foul odors, unsightly conditions, and illegal or immoral activities (such as prostitution or illegal drug activity) on a property are common examples of nuisances.

Trash, litter, uncut grass or vegetation, untrimmed trees, graffiti, and abandoned motor vehicles and tires are also common subjects of nuisance abatement efforts—often undertaken by a city or town’s code compliance or code enforcement department or division.

Abatement is generally the act of stopping, eliminating, or nullifying some condition or activity. Nuisance abatement or abatement of a nuisance generally includes stopping or eliminating a noise, odor, unsightly condition, or other nuisance—or repairing or demolishing a home, apartment complex, or other building the owner has failed to maintain and that endangers the life, health, safety, or life enjoyment of persons in the neighborhood.

State laws (statutes) often provide local governments with certain nuisance abatement powers to compel the owner of a property to fix or remedy the conditions creating a nuisance—and if the owner fails to do so, the local government may do so, such as by demolishing or razing a building.

Under some circumstances the local government may choose to repair or rehabilitate the nuisance condition—or remove, remediate, transport, and dispose of materials or property on the premises that are creating the nuisance.

Local governments may also have the right to prohibit access to the premises by some or all persons, and to control access to the premises.

In Vermont, nuisance laws are designed to protect landowners' rights to use and enjoy their property without undue interference from others. A nuisance can include loud noises, foul odors, unsightly conditions, and illegal activities, among other things. Local governments in Vermont have the authority to enforce nuisance abatement, which involves taking measures to stop or eliminate the nuisance. This can include requiring property owners to address the issue, and if they fail to do so, the local government may intervene directly, potentially by repairing, demolishing, or otherwise altering the property to remove the nuisance. Vermont statutes empower local governments to take such actions to ensure the health, safety, and enjoyment of the community are not compromised by nuisances. Additionally, local ordinances may provide specific guidelines and enforcement mechanisms for nuisance abatement, and these can vary from one municipality to another.