A mineral deed transfers all ownership rights in the assets under the surface of a tract of land—including oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals—from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). The transfer also includes all rights to receive royalties, profits, or payments related to the assets under the surface of the land.
In New Jersey, a mineral deed is a legal document that transfers ownership rights of minerals and other subsurface assets from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). This includes not only the physical minerals but also the rights to any royalties, profits, or payments derived from the extraction and sale of these minerals. The deed must be in writing, signed by the grantor, and must clearly describe the property and the extent of the rights being transferred. It is also required to be recorded with the county clerk in the county where the property is located to put third parties on notice of the transfer. The specific terms of the mineral deed can vary, and it is important to review the language of the deed to understand the full scope of rights conveyed, including any reservations or exceptions. New Jersey follows the general principles of property law and contract law in these transactions, and federal law may also apply, particularly if the transaction involves interstate commerce or federal lands.