A mineral deed transfers all ownership rights in the assets under the surface of a tract of land—including oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals—from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). The transfer also includes all rights to receive royalties, profits, or payments related to the assets under the surface of the land.

In Louisiana, a mineral deed is a legal document that transfers ownership rights of minerals beneath the surface of a tract of land from the grantor to the grantee. This includes not only solid minerals but also oil, gas, and other hydrocarbons. The rights conveyed by a mineral deed typically include the right to explore, drill, mine, and produce the minerals, as well as the right to receive any royalties, bonuses, or other payments that arise from the extraction and sale of these minerals. Louisiana law requires that mineral deeds be in writing, signed by the grantor, and recorded in the parish where the property is located to be effective against third parties. Additionally, Louisiana follows the 'doctrine of mineral servitude,' which means that mineral rights can be severed from the surface rights and can be owned separately. The mineral servitude is subject to a prescription of nonuse for ten years, meaning if the mineral rights are not used for a period of ten years, they may revert to the surface owner. It is important for both grantors and grantees to understand the specific terms and legal implications of a mineral deed, and they may benefit from consulting with an attorney experienced in Louisiana mineral law.