A mineral deed transfers all ownership rights in the assets under the surface of a tract of land—including oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals—from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). The transfer also includes all rights to receive royalties, profits, or payments related to the assets under the surface of the land.
In Indiana, a mineral deed is a legal document that transfers ownership rights of minerals and other subsurface assets from the grantor to the grantee. This includes not only the physical substances such as oil, gas, coal, and metals, but also the associated rights, such as the right to receive royalties and other profits derived from the extraction and sale of these minerals. The deed must be in writing, signed by the grantor, and should clearly describe the property and the extent of the mineral rights being transferred. It must also be recorded with the county recorder's office in the county where the property is located to be effective against third parties. Indiana law requires that the deed adhere to legal standards for property transfers, including proper acknowledgment and, if applicable, compliance with the Indiana Dormant Mineral Act, which governs the reversion of unused mineral rights to the surface owner under certain conditions.