A mineral deed transfers all ownership rights in the assets under the surface of a tract of land—including oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals—from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). The transfer also includes all rights to receive royalties, profits, or payments related to the assets under the surface of the land.
In Delaware, a mineral deed is a legal document that transfers ownership rights of subsurface assets, such as oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals, from the grantor to the grantee. This type of deed not only conveys the physical assets beneath the land but also the rights to any royalties, profits, or payments derived from those assets. The mineral deed must be in writing, signed by the grantor, and should clearly describe the property and the extent of the rights being transferred. It must also be recorded with the county recorder's office where the property is located to be effective against third parties. Delaware follows the general principles of property law, which require such transfers to be done with a clear intent to convey the rights, and the deed must meet the state's legal requirements for a valid conveyance.