Investments are assets or items acquired for the purpose of generating interest payments, income, or appreciation in value. Real estate, stocks, bonds, options, annuities, mutual funds, cryptocurrencies, artwork, and collectibles are common examples of investments.

In California, investments are regulated by both state and federal laws to protect investors and ensure fair practices. The California Department of Business Oversight (DBO) enforces state securities laws under the California Corporations Code, which requires the registration of securities, qualification of certain offers, and licensing of broker-dealers and investment advisers. Additionally, the California Securities Law of 1968 mandates disclosures and regulates the sale of securities to prevent fraud. At the federal level, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) oversees securities transactions, investment advisers, and investment companies. The SEC enforces laws such as the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which govern the disclosure of information about securities and prohibit deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the securities market. Real estate investments are subject to the California Real Estate Law and are overseen by the California Bureau of Real Estate. Other investment types like cryptocurrencies are emerging and may be subject to both state regulations and guidelines from federal entities such as the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and the SEC. It's important for investors to consult with an attorney to understand the specific legal requirements and implications of their investment activities in California.