Immigration law in the United States generally includes the rights and obligations of persons who are not U.S. citizens to temporarily visit or more permanently reside in the U.S.—and for federal and state governments to enforce immigration laws regarding visitors and residents.
Most immigration law consists of federal statutes and regulations—but many state laws impact both legal and illegal immigrants—including employment checks, E-Verify, law enforcement, driver's license requirements, public benefits restrictions, and more.
In Virginia, as in all states, immigration law is primarily governed by federal statutes and regulations, as the authority to regulate immigration is a federal power. This includes laws pertaining to visas, green cards, asylum, deportation, and citizenship. However, state laws can also impact immigrants. For example, Virginia has adopted the use of E-Verify for public employers, which is a federal online system that allows businesses to determine the eligibility of their employees to work in the United States. Law enforcement in Virginia may also cooperate with federal immigration authorities to a certain extent. Additionally, Virginia has its own requirements for driver's licenses and may impose restrictions on public benefits for non-citizens. It's important to note that state laws and policies can change, and they may vary in how they affect legal and illegal immigrants' rights and responsibilities.