Immigration law in the United States generally includes the rights and obligations of persons who are not U.S. citizens to temporarily visit or more permanently reside in the U.S.—and for federal and state governments to enforce immigration laws regarding visitors and residents.

Most immigration law consists of federal statutes and regulations—but many state laws impact both legal and illegal immigrants—including employment checks, E-Verify, law enforcement, driver's license requirements, public benefits restrictions, and more.

In Mississippi, as in all states, immigration law is primarily governed by federal statutes and regulations, which dictate the rights and obligations of non-U.S. citizens wishing to enter, reside, or work in the United States. The federal government has the primary authority to enforce immigration laws. However, Mississippi has state laws that also affect immigrants, both legal and illegal. For instance, Mississippi requires employers to use the E-Verify system to check the work eligibility of new hires to ensure they are authorized to work in the U.S. Additionally, state law enforcement may cooperate with federal authorities in the enforcement of immigration laws. Mississippi may have specific requirements for driver's licenses and may restrict access to certain public benefits for those without legal immigration status. It's important to note that while state laws can complement federal immigration laws, they cannot contradict federal immigration policy.