Immigration law in the United States generally includes the rights and obligations of persons who are not U.S. citizens to temporarily visit or more permanently reside in the U.S.—and for federal and state governments to enforce immigration laws regarding visitors and residents.

Most immigration law consists of federal statutes and regulations—but many state laws impact both legal and illegal immigrants—including employment checks, E-Verify, law enforcement, driver's license requirements, public benefits restrictions, and more.

In Alabama, as in all states, immigration law is primarily governed by federal statutes and regulations, as immigration is a matter under the jurisdiction of the federal government. This includes laws pertaining to visas, green cards, asylum, deportation, and citizenship. However, state laws can also impact immigrants. For instance, Alabama has been known for its strict approach to immigration enforcement. The state has laws that require employers to use the E-Verify system to confirm the legal work authorization of their employees. Law enforcement in Alabama may also play a role in immigration matters, as they can cooperate with federal immigration authorities. Additionally, Alabama may have specific requirements for driver's licenses and may restrict access to certain public benefits for those without legal immigration status. It's important to note that while state laws can influence certain aspects of life for immigrants, they must not conflict with federal immigration laws.