Health care includes the prevention, treatment, and cure of physical and mental health issues that may affect human beings. Legal issues related health care may arise—including issues related to (1) the provision of health care services; (2) the payment for health care services—by individuals or by insurance; (3) the privacy of medical and health care records; and (4) the right to make health care decisions for ourselves and others.

In Pennsylvania, health care law encompasses a variety of regulations and statutes that address the provision, payment, privacy, and decision-making authority related to health care services. Health care providers must adhere to state licensing requirements and professional standards when delivering services. Payment for health care services can involve direct payments by individuals, insurance claims, and government programs like Medicaid and Medicare. Pennsylvania law, in conjunction with the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), protects the privacy of medical records, requiring consent for the release of health information except in specific circumstances. Additionally, Pennsylvania recognizes the right of individuals to make their own health care decisions, including the use of advance directives such as living wills and health care powers of attorney. In situations where individuals cannot make decisions for themselves, the law provides mechanisms for appointing guardians or surrogates to make health care decisions on their behalf.