Government includes the people and resources—as well as departments, agencies, programs, processes, laws, rules, and regulations—that define the relationship between federal, state, and local governments and their citizens. Some legal principles have a unique application when private citizens or entities interact with their governments.
In New Jersey, as in other states, the government is structured across three levels: federal, state, and local. Each level has its own departments, agencies, programs, and regulations that govern the interactions with citizens and private entities. Federal laws provide the overarching legal framework, while state statutes tailor governance to the specific needs of New Jersey. Local ordinances further refine these rules at the municipal or county level. Legal principles such as sovereign immunity may limit the circumstances under which a government entity can be sued. Additionally, administrative law governs the procedures of government agencies and ensures that their actions comply with the law. New Jersey has its own set of statutes and regulations that define how state and local governments operate, including the New Jersey Administrative Procedure Act, which establishes the rules for state agency actions. When private citizens or entities interact with the government, they must navigate a complex web of laws and regulations that are designed to ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability in government operations.