Municipal law generally includes the laws and ordinances specific to a city, town, or county—also known as a municipality. Municipal law often addresses legal issues for which the city or town government is responsible for enforcing—such as zoning restrictions, land use and development, property taxes, sales taxes, trash pickup and disposal, water and sewer service, noise pollution, odor pollution, fire and burning restrictions, police powers, inspection of residential and commercial buildings, and condemnation of buildings.

In Alabama, municipal law encompasses the legal framework governing cities, towns, and counties within the state. This body of law includes ordinances and regulations specific to each municipality, which are enacted by the local governing bodies such as city councils or county commissions. Municipal law covers a wide range of issues including zoning laws, which dictate land use and development; property and sales tax regulations; and services such as trash collection, water, and sewer management. Additionally, it addresses environmental concerns like noise and odor pollution, and sets forth the rules for fire safety and burning. Police powers are also a significant aspect of municipal law, allowing for the enforcement of local laws and ordinances. Municipalities have the authority to inspect residential and commercial properties to ensure compliance with building codes and can condemn buildings that are deemed unsafe or unfit for occupancy. Each municipality in Alabama may have its own unique set of laws and regulations, which must be consistent with state statutes and federal law.