A firearm is generally a rifle, pistol, shotgun, or other portable weapon that expels a projectile (bullet) by use of an explosive action. The definition of a firearm may vary from state to state under state statutes—and under federal statutes—and related items such as a muffler or silencer may be included in the definition of a firearm for purposes of certain criminal offenses (crimes).
In Alabama, a firearm is defined under state law as any weapon which will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. This includes rifles, shotguns, and pistols. Alabama law does not require a permit to purchase a firearm nor is there a state registry of firearms. However, federal law also applies, which includes the regulation of firearms under the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). Under federal law, the definition of a firearm also includes the frame or receiver of any such weapon, as well as any firearm muffler or silencer. It's important to note that certain individuals, such as convicted felons, are prohibited from possessing firearms under both state and federal law. Additionally, the use of a firearm in the commission of a crime can enhance penalties under both Alabama law and federal statutes.