Energy and natural resources law includes a broad range of legal issues related to natural resources; their use as a source of energy; and their use in many important products and materials.

Examples of natural resources include oil (petroleum), natural gas, minerals, solar, wind, water, geothermal, biomass, electric, hydrogen and fuel cells, nuclear, trees, cotton, coal, iron ore, gold, copper, manganese, bauxite ore, cobalt, platinum, chromium, and diamonds.

As with other legal topics, some legal issues related to energy and natural resources law may also be categorized under another legal topic name, such as environmental law, water law, or oil, gas, and minerals law, for example.

In Oregon, energy and natural resources law encompasses a variety of statutes and regulations that govern the extraction, use, and conservation of natural resources, as well as the development and regulation of energy sources. The state has specific laws that address the management of oil, gas, and mineral resources, including the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (DOGAMI), which oversees mining activities and the conservation of mineral resources. Oregon is also known for its commitment to renewable energy and has implemented policies to promote the use of solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass energy. The Oregon Public Utility Commission regulates the state's electric and natural gas utilities, ensuring reliable service and fair rates. Additionally, water rights in Oregon are regulated by the Oregon Water Resources Department, which administers water law and ensures that water is used sustainably. Environmental protection is a key aspect of natural resources law in Oregon, with the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) enforcing regulations to protect air and water quality. The intersection of energy and environmental law is particularly significant in the state, as Oregon strives to balance resource development with conservation and environmental stewardship.