Energy and natural resources law includes a broad range of legal issues related to natural resources; their use as a source of energy; and their use in many important products and materials.

Examples of natural resources include oil (petroleum), natural gas, minerals, solar, wind, water, geothermal, biomass, electric, hydrogen and fuel cells, nuclear, trees, cotton, coal, iron ore, gold, copper, manganese, bauxite ore, cobalt, platinum, chromium, and diamonds.

As with other legal topics, some legal issues related to energy and natural resources law may also be categorized under another legal topic name, such as environmental law, water law, or oil, gas, and minerals law, for example.

In Oklahoma, energy and natural resources law encompasses a variety of statutes and regulations that govern the extraction, production, and use of natural resources. The state is particularly known for its oil and natural gas sectors, which are regulated by the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC). The OCC oversees oil and gas drilling, production, and environmental compliance, among other responsibilities. Water rights are also a significant aspect of natural resources law in Oklahoma, managed under the doctrine of prior appropriation and regulated by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board (OWRB). Additionally, Oklahoma has laws pertaining to the mining of minerals like coal and other materials, which are subject to both state and federal regulations. Renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar, are increasingly part of the legal landscape, with state incentives and regulations shaping their development. Environmental protection laws, including those related to air and water quality, intersect with energy and natural resources law, ensuring that resource extraction and energy production comply with environmental standards to minimize impact on the environment and public health.