DUI (driving under the influence), DWI (driving while intoxicated), and OWI (operating while intoxicated) are similar criminal offenses that involve the operation of a motor vehicle, electric vehicle, or sometimes an otherwise-powered vehicle—including boats, aircraft, and bicycles—by an operator who is under the influence of or intoxicated by alcohol or drugs. Per se (pronounced purr-say) intoxication is intoxication by definition—as defined in the state’s statutes by blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08 or more (.05 in Utah). And even if a person is not per se intoxicated, they may be intoxicated by not having the normal use of their mental or physical faculties (abilities), for example, and may be charged with a criminal offense.

In some contexts the terms DUI and DWI are used interchangeably, with some states using one term and other states using the other term to define what is essentially the same criminal offense. But in some states both criminal charges are available and there is a legal distinction between them.

For example, in some states with both criminal offenses, DUI is the criminal offense of operating a vehicle under the influence of prescription or recreational drugs, and DWI is the offense of operating a vehicle while intoxicated by alcohol. In some states DWI refers to per se intoxication when the driver’s BAC is above the threshold defined by statute—.08 (.05 in Utah)—and DUI is a criminal offense charged when the police officer believes the driver is under the influence of alcohol, despite the driver’s BAC being below the statutory threshold of .08. And in some states DUI is a separate offense for drivers under the legal age of drinking (21) who have some alcohol in their system, but less than a .08 BAC.

These and other similar alcohol-related operating offenses—including aggravated or enhanced forms of these offenses—vary from state to state in their definitions and potential punishments and are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal code or criminal code.

In Florida, the terms DUI (Driving Under the Influence) and DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) are not used interchangeably; the state primarily uses the term DUI. Florida law defines DUI as operating a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08% or higher, which is the standard per se intoxication level for drivers 21 and over. For drivers under the age of 21, Florida has a zero-tolerance policy, and any BAC of 0.02% or higher can result in DUI charges. The state does not differentiate between alcohol and drug impairment in its DUI statute; therefore, a person can be charged with DUI if they are impaired by either substance. Penalties for DUI in Florida can include fines, license suspension, vehicle impoundment, and even imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense and whether it is a first or subsequent violation. Enhanced penalties may apply for higher BAC levels or if aggravating factors are present, such as having a minor in the vehicle or causing an accident with injury or property damage.