Collaborative law or collaborative divorce is an alternative to the traditional divorce process in the court system—it is a process in which spouses hire attorneys to help dissolve the marriage by resolving differences through agreement rather than by litigation in court.

In collaborative law, the spouses try to come to agreements on the division of property, spousal support payments, child support payments, and child custody schedules—rather than the judge making these decisions by court order. Collaborative law is designed to reduce some of the more confrontational, destructive conflict in the divorce litigation process, while offering the spouses greater privacy and confidentiality in their personal lives.

The characteristic elements of collaborative law include:

• a written agreement signed by the spouses and their lawyers that no one will use or threaten to use the court process during the collaborative process

• each spouse has a lawyer and actively participates in all negotiations

• financial and other experts are retained jointly and are prohibited from working for the spouses if the spouses decide to use the litigation process

• neither lawyer can participate in any litigation against the other spouse after working as a collaborative lawyer on the matter

• the lawyers are terminated (“fired”) if the spouses decide to use the litigation process

Many states have laws that define the collaborative law process and give effect to the agreements made by the spouses. These laws are generally located in the state’s statutes—often in the family or domestic relations code.

In Ohio, collaborative law, also known as collaborative divorce, is recognized as a legal alternative to traditional divorce litigation. This process involves both spouses working with their respective attorneys to negotiate and resolve issues such as property division, spousal support, child support, and child custody without going to court. Ohio's collaborative law process is governed by the Ohio Revised Code, specifically under sections 3105.41 to 3105.54, which establish the framework for collaborative family law procedures. These statutes outline the requirements for a collaborative family law participation agreement, which includes the commitment not to litigate and to withdraw from the process if litigation is pursued. The law also stipulates that attorneys involved in the collaborative process cannot represent the parties in any subsequent litigation related to the divorce. The collaborative process in Ohio encourages transparency, mutual respect, and the use of joint experts to facilitate a fair and amicable resolution, aiming to minimize the adversarial nature of divorce and protect the privacy of the individuals involved.