Collaborative law or collaborative divorce is an alternative to the traditional divorce process in the court system—it is a process in which spouses hire attorneys to help dissolve the marriage by resolving differences through agreement rather than by litigation in court.

In collaborative law, the spouses try to come to agreements on the division of property, spousal support payments, child support payments, and child custody schedules—rather than the judge making these decisions by court order. Collaborative law is designed to reduce some of the more confrontational, destructive conflict in the divorce litigation process, while offering the spouses greater privacy and confidentiality in their personal lives.

The characteristic elements of collaborative law include:

• a written agreement signed by the spouses and their lawyers that no one will use or threaten to use the court process during the collaborative process

• each spouse has a lawyer and actively participates in all negotiations

• financial and other experts are retained jointly and are prohibited from working for the spouses if the spouses decide to use the litigation process

• neither lawyer can participate in any litigation against the other spouse after working as a collaborative lawyer on the matter

• the lawyers are terminated (“fired”) if the spouses decide to use the litigation process

Many states have laws that define the collaborative law process and give effect to the agreements made by the spouses. These laws are generally located in the state’s statutes—often in the family or domestic relations code.

In Arizona, collaborative law, also known as collaborative divorce, is recognized as a legal alternative to traditional divorce litigation. This process involves both spouses hiring attorneys specifically trained in collaborative law to negotiate and resolve their marital issues outside of court. The key principles of collaborative law in Arizona include the signing of a participation agreement by both spouses and their attorneys, committing to not threaten or engage in litigation during the collaborative process. Each spouse's attorney facilitates negotiations, with the goal of reaching a mutually acceptable settlement. The process may also involve neutral financial and mental health professionals who are jointly retained and agree not to participate in any future litigation. If the collaborative process fails and litigation is pursued, the collaborative attorneys must withdraw from the case, and the spouses must hire new attorneys for court proceedings. Arizona's collaborative law is governed by state statutes that provide the legal framework for these proceedings, ensuring that agreements reached through this process are legally binding and enforceable.