Alternative sentences include the sentences or punishments a judge may give, other than a traditional jail or prison term, or the death penalty. Alternative sentences are often given in combinations of fines, restitution, probation, deferred adjudication, suspended sentences, community service, diversion programs, drug and alcohol treatment programs, house arrest, breathalyzer or ignition interlock device (IID) installation, and teaching or attending classes regarding crime and criminal behavior.

In Ohio, alternative sentences are legal options that judges can use to avoid traditional incarceration or the death penalty for certain offenders. These alternatives are designed to address the specific circumstances of the offense and the offender, and can include fines, restitution to victims, probation, and deferred adjudication where judgment is postponed. Suspended sentences allow the imposition of a sentence to be delayed as long as the offender meets certain conditions. Community service is another alternative that requires offenders to perform work for the benefit of the community. Diversion programs are designed to redirect offenders from the traditional criminal justice process into a program of supervision and services. Drug and alcohol treatment programs may be mandated for offenders with substance abuse issues. House arrest confines an offender to their home, sometimes with electronic monitoring. Breathalyzer or ignition interlock device (IID) installation in an offender's vehicle may be required for DUI offenders. Educational programs may also be ordered, requiring offenders to learn about the consequences of crime and criminal behavior. These alternative sentences aim to rehabilitate offenders, reduce recidivism, and alleviate overcrowded prisons.