Pro se (pro-say) means to argue on one’s own behalf in a court or other legal proceeding—also referred to as representing yourself in court or self-representation. A person can appear pro se in a civil or criminal case, but only a licensed lawyer can appear in court on behalf of a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, or other legal entity.
In Pennsylvania, 'pro se' representation refers to the practice of an individual representing themselves in a legal proceeding without the assistance of an attorney. This is permissible in both civil and criminal cases. Individuals may choose to go pro se for various reasons, including financial constraints or a belief that they can effectively advocate on their own behalf. However, while individuals have the right to represent themselves, corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, and other legal entities are required to be represented by a licensed attorney in court. This requirement is based on the principle that such entities are separate legal 'persons' and must be represented by someone with professional legal training and qualifications. The courts generally expect pro se litigants to understand and follow the same rules and procedures as attorneys, which can be a significant challenge for those without legal training.