Forensic science is an important part of the criminal justice system, in both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and other relevant locations to develop objective findings that may assist in the investigation and prosecution of criminals, or clear an innocent person from suspicion.

Common forensic science laboratory disciplines include (1) forensic molecular biology (DNA); (2) forensic chemistry; (3) trace evidence examination (hairs, fibers, paints, polymers, glass, soil, etc.); (4) latent fingerprint examination; (5) firearms and toolmarks examination; (6) handwriting analysis; (7) fire and explosives examinations; (8) forensic toxicology; and (9) digital evidence.

Practitioners of these forensic science disciplines are usually found in medical examiner or coroner’s offices, universities, and private practices. And the United States Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at (1) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); (2) the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

In Oklahoma, forensic science plays a crucial role in the criminal justice system, aiding both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists in Oklahoma work to provide objective analysis of evidence collected from crime scenes, which can be pivotal in the resolution of criminal cases. The state adheres to various statutes and regulations that govern the practice of forensic science to ensure the integrity and reliability of forensic evidence. Oklahoma has its own forensic laboratories and may also collaborate with federal agencies such as the ATF, DEA, and FBI for specialized forensic services. The Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI) operates a forensic science center that provides services in many of the disciplines mentioned, including DNA analysis, toxicology, and latent fingerprint examination. Additionally, the use of forensic evidence in Oklahoma courts must comply with established legal standards, such as the Daubert standard, to determine the admissibility of expert witness testimony based on scientific findings.