Forensic science is an important part of the criminal justice system, in both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and other relevant locations to develop objective findings that may assist in the investigation and prosecution of criminals, or clear an innocent person from suspicion.

Common forensic science laboratory disciplines include (1) forensic molecular biology (DNA); (2) forensic chemistry; (3) trace evidence examination (hairs, fibers, paints, polymers, glass, soil, etc.); (4) latent fingerprint examination; (5) firearms and toolmarks examination; (6) handwriting analysis; (7) fire and explosives examinations; (8) forensic toxicology; and (9) digital evidence.

Practitioners of these forensic science disciplines are usually found in medical examiner or coroner’s offices, universities, and private practices. And the United States Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at (1) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); (2) the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

In New Jersey, forensic science is a critical component of the criminal justice system, utilized in both state and federal courts to analyze evidence related to criminal cases. The state adheres to standards and regulations that govern the practice of forensic science to ensure the accuracy and reliability of evidence. Forensic scientists in New Jersey may work in various settings, including medical examiner or coroner’s offices, law enforcement agencies, universities, and private sector laboratories. They engage in a range of disciplines such as DNA analysis, forensic chemistry, trace evidence, fingerprinting, ballistics, document examination, arson and explosives analysis, toxicology, and digital forensics. New Jersey's forensic laboratories may collaborate with federal agencies like the ATF, DEA, and FBI, which operate their own specialized forensic facilities. The integrity of forensic practices in New Jersey is crucial for the fair administration of justice, as it can be pivotal in both convicting the guilty and exonerating the innocent.