Forensic science is an important part of the criminal justice system, in both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and other relevant locations to develop objective findings that may assist in the investigation and prosecution of criminals, or clear an innocent person from suspicion.

Common forensic science laboratory disciplines include (1) forensic molecular biology (DNA); (2) forensic chemistry; (3) trace evidence examination (hairs, fibers, paints, polymers, glass, soil, etc.); (4) latent fingerprint examination; (5) firearms and toolmarks examination; (6) handwriting analysis; (7) fire and explosives examinations; (8) forensic toxicology; and (9) digital evidence.

Practitioners of these forensic science disciplines are usually found in medical examiner or coroner’s offices, universities, and private practices. And the United States Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at (1) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); (2) the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

In Mississippi, forensic science plays a crucial role in the criminal justice system, aiding both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists in MS are tasked with examining and analyzing evidence from crime scenes to provide objective findings that can support criminal investigations and prosecutions, or help exonerate the innocent. The state adheres to standards and practices that ensure the reliability and admissibility of forensic evidence in court. Mississippi has its own crime laboratories, and forensic practitioners may also work in various settings such as medical examiner offices, universities, or private practices. Additionally, federal forensic resources are available through agencies like the ATF, DEA, and FBI, which maintain their own specialized forensic labs. These federal resources can complement state forensic science activities, especially in complex or high-profile cases. It's important to note that the admissibility of forensic evidence in Mississippi courts is subject to state statutes, case law, and rules of evidence, which require that the evidence be relevant, reliable, and collected in accordance with the law.