Forensic science is an important part of the criminal justice system, in both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and other relevant locations to develop objective findings that may assist in the investigation and prosecution of criminals, or clear an innocent person from suspicion.

Common forensic science laboratory disciplines include (1) forensic molecular biology (DNA); (2) forensic chemistry; (3) trace evidence examination (hairs, fibers, paints, polymers, glass, soil, etc.); (4) latent fingerprint examination; (5) firearms and toolmarks examination; (6) handwriting analysis; (7) fire and explosives examinations; (8) forensic toxicology; and (9) digital evidence.

Practitioners of these forensic science disciplines are usually found in medical examiner or coroner’s offices, universities, and private practices. And the United States Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at (1) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); (2) the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

In Michigan, forensic science is a critical component of the criminal justice system, utilized by both state and federal courts. The state adheres to various statutes and regulations that govern the use of forensic evidence in legal proceedings. Forensic scientists in Michigan may work in a range of settings, including medical examiner or coroner offices, academic institutions, and private sector labs. They engage in a variety of disciplines such as DNA analysis, forensic chemistry, and digital evidence examination, among others. Michigan law enforcement agencies collaborate with federal agencies like the ATF, DEA, and FBI, which operate their own forensic laboratories. The Michigan State Police operates a Forensic Science Division, which provides services to the criminal justice community in the state. The admissibility of forensic evidence in Michigan courts is subject to the Michigan Rules of Evidence, and expert testimony must meet the standards set forth in these rules as well as any relevant federal standards, such as those established by the Daubert ruling on the admissibility of expert witness testimony.