Forensic science is an important part of the criminal justice system, in both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists examine and analyze evidence from crime scenes and other relevant locations to develop objective findings that may assist in the investigation and prosecution of criminals, or clear an innocent person from suspicion.

Common forensic science laboratory disciplines include (1) forensic molecular biology (DNA); (2) forensic chemistry; (3) trace evidence examination (hairs, fibers, paints, polymers, glass, soil, etc.); (4) latent fingerprint examination; (5) firearms and toolmarks examination; (6) handwriting analysis; (7) fire and explosives examinations; (8) forensic toxicology; and (9) digital evidence.

Practitioners of these forensic science disciplines are usually found in medical examiner or coroner’s offices, universities, and private practices. And the United States Department of Justice maintains forensic laboratories at (1) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); (2) the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

In Colorado, forensic science plays a crucial role in the criminal justice system, aiding both state and federal courts. Forensic scientists in Colorado work within various disciplines such as DNA analysis, forensic chemistry, trace evidence, fingerprinting, firearms examination, handwriting analysis, fire and explosive investigation, toxicology, and digital evidence to provide objective findings that can support criminal investigations and court proceedings. These professionals may be employed by state and local government agencies, including medical examiner or coroner offices, law enforcement agencies, and may also work in academic settings or private sector labs. Colorado adheres to standards and practices that ensure the reliability and admissibility of forensic evidence in court. At the federal level, agencies like the ATF, DEA, and FBI maintain specialized forensic laboratories that can support cases within Colorado. The use of forensic evidence in Colorado is subject to state statutes and federal laws, which dictate the handling, analysis, and presentation of forensic data in legal proceedings to ensure that it meets the criteria for scientific validity and legal admissibility.