Wire fraud is a federal crime and is committed when wire technology (generally electronic transmissions by telephone, bank wire, internet, or other wire signal) is used to commit a fraud. 18 U.S. C. §1343. Wire fraud has two elements: (1) the defendant devised or intended to devise a scheme to defraud, or to obtain money or property using fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises; and (2) the defendant used wire technology for the purpose of executing or attempting to execute the scheme or fraudulent acts. It is not necessary that the use of wire technology be an essential part of the fraudulent scheme.

Wire fraud is a felony offense with potential punishments of decades-long prison sentences, financial penalties, restitution obligations, and probation terms.

In Maryland, as in all states, wire fraud is considered a federal crime under 18 U.S.C. § 1343. This statute defines wire fraud as the use of wire technology, such as telephone, internet, or bank wires, to carry out a scheme to defraud or to obtain money or property under false pretenses, representations, or promises. The law requires two elements to be established for a conviction: first, that the defendant had devised or intended to devise a fraudulent scheme, and second, that they used wire communications to execute or attempt to execute this scheme. It is important to note that the actual success of the fraud is not necessary for the crime to be charged; the attempt itself is sufficient. The use of wire technology does not need to be an essential part of the scheme; its use at any point during the fraudulent activity can lead to wire fraud charges. Convictions for wire fraud can result in severe penalties, including lengthy prison sentences, substantial fines, orders for restitution to victims, and probation. Individuals in Maryland facing wire fraud charges should seek the counsel of an experienced attorney to navigate the complexities of federal law and the legal system.