Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Vermont, vandalism is typically referred to as 'unlawful mischief' under Vermont Statutes Title 13, Chapter 81. This law defines unlawful mischief as willfully or recklessly damaging property of another, which can include any of the scenarios described such as damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, schools, and public utilities, as well as graffiti. The severity of the charges and penalties in Vermont depend on the extent of the damage. If the damage is valued at $250 or less, it is considered a misdemeanor, which can result in a fine of up to $500 or imprisonment for up to one year, or both. If the damage exceeds $250, the offense is classified as a felony, potentially leading to a fine of up to $1,000 or imprisonment for up to three years, or both. Additionally, Vermont law allows for restitution, meaning the person convicted of vandalism may be required to compensate the victim for the damage caused.