Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Utah, vandalism is typically referred to as 'criminal mischief' and is codified under Utah Code § 76-6-106. The law defines criminal mischief as intentionally damaging, defacing, or destroying the property of another, and it can include acts such as graffiti, tampering with utilities, or damaging a motor vehicle. The severity of the charges and the penalties imposed can vary based on the extent of the damage and the cost to repair or restore the property. Charges can range from a class B misdemeanor for damage less than $500, up to a second-degree felony for damage of $5,000 or more, or if the act creates a risk of bodily injury. Additionally, if the vandalism causes an interruption or impairment of a public utility, the offense can be charged as a third-degree felony, regardless of the damage amount. Utah's approach to vandalism through its criminal mischief statute reflects the state's commitment to protecting both public and private property from willful damage and defacement.