Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Rhode Island, vandalism is addressed under the state's criminal statutes as 'Malicious Injury to Property' (Rhode Island General Laws Section 11-44-1). The law defines vandalism as the willful, malicious, or wanton damage, destruction, or defacement of any property, public or private. This includes acts such as graffiti, breaking windows, damaging vehicles, and other forms of property damage. The severity of the charges and the penalties imposed can vary based on the extent of the damage and the value of the property affected. Vandalism can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony, with potential penalties including fines, restitution, community service, probation, and imprisonment. The specific classification of the offense and the corresponding penalties are determined by the cost of the damage and whether the individual has prior convictions for similar offenses.