Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Pennsylvania, vandalism is typically referred to as criminal mischief, as outlined in the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, Title 18, Section 3304. The law defines criminal mischief as intentionally or recklessly damaging tangible property of another, defacing or tampering with property, or intentionally defacing public or private property with graffiti. The severity of the charges can range from a summary offense to a felony, depending on factors such as the extent of the damage and the cost of the loss. For example, if the damage caused is less than $150, it is treated as a summary offense, but if the damage exceeds $5,000 or the act causes a substantial interruption or impairment of public communication, transportation, supply of water, gas, or power, or other public service, it can be classified as a felony. This includes damage to homes, businesses, motor vehicles, schools, and public utilities. Penalties for vandalism in Pennsylvania can include fines, restitution, and imprisonment.