Shoplifting or retail theft laws vary from state to state, and in many states the act of shoplifting—taking displayed goods from a commercial retail store during store hours and without paying for the goods—is classified as the criminal offense of theft or larceny.

Shoplifting, theft, and larceny laws are often classified in part by the value of the goods stolen, attempted to be stolen, or intended to be stolen. These laws are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code.

In Washington State, shoplifting is considered a form of theft and is covered under the state's theft statutes. The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 9A.56.050 defines theft in various degrees, with the severity of the charge typically depending on the value of the goods stolen. Shoplifting items with a value of less than $750 is generally classified as theft in the third degree, which is a gross misdemeanor. If the value of the stolen goods exceeds $750 but is less than $5,000, it is classified as theft in the second degree, a class C felony. Theft of items valued at $5,000 or more is considered theft in the first degree, a class B felony. Additionally, Washington law includes specific provisions for theft with special circumstances, such as possessing burglary tools or organized retail theft, which can lead to more severe charges. Penalties for shoplifting can include fines, restitution, and jail or prison time, depending on the degree of the offense and the individual's criminal history.